Haematology

Haematology is the study of blood and abnormal conditions related to blood. Haematological tests can be helpful in diagnosing conditions such as anaemia, infection, and blood clotting disorders. There are various shaped elements and plasma, that is, the liquid part of the blood, in the blood of animals. Shaped elements in blood are evaluated in 3 categories. There are three different types of blood cells, namely red blood cells, leukocytes, or in other words, white blood cells and platelets, which are defined as erythrocytes in medicine. Red blood cells are responsible for the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide. White blood cells defend the living thing against foreign organisms that enter the body. Platelets, on the other hand, provide coagulation in case of bleeding. Blood cells are produced by stem cells found in the bone marrow. The lymph nodes, thymus gland, and spleen, along with red blood cells, play an important role in protecting the body against foreign organisms.

Complete blood count (CBC) is performed as a routine procedure in the detection of blood diseases in veterinary medicine. In this context, the number and morphology of erythrocytes (RBC, HCT, Hgb, MCHC, MCH, MCV), the number and type of leukocytes (WBC, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Granulocyte) and platelets (THR, PDW) are among the things that should be done for a clinically correct diagnosis. takes. In addition, in some cases, it is possible to provide more detailed information about the disease by examining the blood taken from the patient under the microscope from a cytological point of view.

Anaemia: Anaemia, occurs due to a decrease in the number of haemoglobin molecules in red blood cells, which enable oxygen to be transported. Although there are many different causes of anaemia, the most common causes are iron deficiency, breakdown of red blood cells and bleeding.

Infection: Some changes occur in white blood cells depending on the stage of the infection. Although there is an increase in their number in the first stage, decreases can be observed in the continuation of the disease in some cases.

Coagulation disorders: The mechanism that prevents blood from flowing out of the vein in bleeding developing in any part of the body is called coagulation. Symptoms are short-term bleeding in normal animals not stopping for a long time or bruising on the skin.

Feline leukaemia (FeLV): also known as lymphoma disease in cats. The prognosis is poor in 85% of cases.

Feline immunodeficiency (FIV): It is defined as a viral disease that causes immunodeficiency in cats.

Feline Panleukopenia: It is a disease phenomenon that occurs with a severe decrease in the number of white blood cells in kittens.

Canine parvoviral infection (CPV): It is a disease characterized by bloody diarrhoea and a decrease in the number of white blood cells in puppies under one year of age and unvaccinated.

The most effective way to protect your pet as a pet owner is to visit your veterinarian regularly and catch any problems early. The earlier it is diagnosed and intervened, the longer and healthier life your pet will have.

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